“May Their Limbs Melt, Just as This Lead Shall Melt...”: Sympathetic Magic and Similia Similibus Formulae in Greek and Latin Curse Tablets (Part 1)

Авторы

  • Juraj Franek Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre for Classical Studies at the Institute of Philosophy Na Florenci 1420/3, 110 00 Prague 1, Czech Republic; Masaryk University, Department of Classical Studies Arna Nováka 1/1, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
  • Daniela Urbanová Masaryk University, Department of Classical Studies Arna Nováka 1/1, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu20.2019.103

Аннотация

In this contribution, we present a representative corpus of similia similibus formulae attested  in ancient Greek and Latin curse tablets or defixiones. The simile formulae, attested in about  80 tablets in widely differing states of preservation and legibility, are introduced in the context  of sympathetic magic and, in contradistinction to literary similes, as performative utterances  that are based on a persuasive analogy. This analogy operates in the general form of “just as  X possesses property P, so let also Y possess property P”, in which Y is the target or victim of  the curse, while X and P are variables that change in accordance with the intended results. We  provide a provisional taxonomy of simile formulae, offer new readings and interpretations  of some defixiones, and compare Greek and Latin documents. Due to its length, the paper  has been divided into two parts. In the first part, presented here, we focus on comparata that  reference the materiality of the tablet itself and comparata referencing corpses or ghosts of  the dead. The remaining comparata, namely animals, historiolae and rituals, aversus formulae  and unusual orientations of the script, “names”, and drawings, will be presented in a follow-up  paper, to be published in the next issue of Philologia Classica.

Ключевые слова:

curse tablets, defixiones, ancient magic, sympathetic magic, Greek and Latin epigraphy, similia similibus, simile formula, materiality, ghosts in antiquity

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Опубликован

25.06.2019

Как цитировать

Franek, J., & Urbanová, D. (2019). “May Their Limbs Melt, Just as This Lead Shall Melt.”: Sympathetic Magic and Similia Similibus Formulae in Greek and Latin Curse Tablets (Part 1). Philologia Classica, 14(1), 27–55. https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu20.2019.103

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Graecia antiqua