Considerations on Two Cruces Philologorum (Ael. NA 15, 15)

Авторы

  • Elwira Kaczyńska University of Lodz, Faculty of Philology, Chair of Classical Philology, Dep. of Latin Studies and Linguistics, ul. Pomorska 171/173, 90-236 Łódź, Poland

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu20.2021.103

Аннотация

 

The present article aims to elucidate an interesting narrative that forms a portion of Aelian’s paradoxographic work Περὶ ζῴων ἰδιότητος (On the Characteristics of Animals, Lat. De natura animalium). The passage under discussion describes some horned animals of oriental origin that were involved in the annual fighting contests during a one-day competition held on the initiative of a “great king of India” — probably Chandragupta (4th–3rd c. BC), the founder of the Maurya dynasty. Aelian’s chapter (NA 15, 15) was perhaps taken from Megasthenes’s Ἰνδικά (Description of India). The passage includes two hapax legomena referring to two species of animals: †μέσοι† and †ὕαιναι†. The first of these should be identified with the Ladakh urial (Ovis orientalis vignei Blyth); cf. Prasun məṣé ‘ram, urial’ (< Vedic mēṣá- m. ‘ram’). Aelian’s exact description of the horned animals called †ὕαιναι† clearly demonstrates that the alleged “striped hyena” (Gk. ὕαινα) must represent the chinkara, i. e., the Indian gazelle (Gazella bennettii Sykes). The Indo-Aryan term for ‘chinkara’ (Ved. hariṇá- m ‘Indian gazelle’, hariṇī́- f. ‘female gazelle’; cf. Pa. and Pk. hariṇa- m., hariṇī- f.) suggests that the corrupted form in Aelian’s passage should be emended as ὑάριναι [hyárinai]. This seems a near-optimal adaptation of the Pali or Prakrit appellative háriṇā pl. ‘chinkaras’.

Ключевые слова:

animal terminology, borrowings, etymology, Greek scientific literature, Greek vocabulary, hapax legomena, language contact, Middle Indo-Aryan languages

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Опубликован

28.07.2021

Как цитировать

Kaczyńska, E. (2021). Considerations on Two Cruces Philologorum (Ael. NA 15, 15). Philologia Classica, 16(1), 32–39. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu20.2021.103

Выпуск

Раздел

Graecia antiqua

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